![]() At this point, it belongs to the normal friction mode. When the modulation amplitude is 0, there is no vibration modulation. Material friction coefficient is obtained by fitting the discrete points of each modulation amplitude. The change of friction with normal force (0.5~3.5 V) for different modulation amplitudes is shown in Fig. Scanning speed 1 Hz, vibration frequency 1 kHz, modulation amplitude of 0, 0.4, 1, 1.4, 2, 2.4, and 3 nm were employed in the experiments. Similarly the relationship between normal force and friction was investigated experimentally on HOPG surface. From the values in the specification, realistic values of insertion losses of the Combination Filter and the efficiency of the Antenna Unit, an output power value of the Transmitter Unit of about 40W can be calculated. An optimal value will be reached transmitting a Tele-Powering signal being as strong that a Eurobalise gets the maximum applicable power if the distance between the Antenna Unit and the Balise has the minimum value and no debris is in between. This value must be found from the input characteristic of the Eurobalise being defined in the specification. ![]() This would be a safety risk and therefore programming is only allowed using a special programming tool.Īfter modulation, the output signal is amplified to a value demanded in the specification ( ERTMS/ETCS, 2003). At this point it should be mentioned that the 100% AM should never be used to program a Balise by a passing train. Those special signals are called “Toggling” or “Non Toggling” and enable special compatibility modes of the Balise that are not further important in this context. In the following stage the signal can be modulated with 10% AM or 100% AM to transmit either the downlink signal if applied or special Tele-Powering signals for the Balise. The Transmitter Unit consists of a signal generator that generates the 27.095MHz. Herbert Schweinzer, in Fieldbus Systems and Their Applications 2005, 2006 4.1 Transmitter Unit
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